罪名一：肝肾脏疾病
肾脏是人体的一大重要代谢器官，人体的代谢废物很多是通过肾脏，最终以尿液排出体外。尿液中的蛋白质含量增加是肾脏损伤、肾脏疾病的一个危险信号。
食盐也是经过肾脏通过尿液排出体外的。在动物实验中，人们发现高食盐摄入量会使得尿液中蛋白质的量升高;后来，在人体中的继续研究也发现，高食盐摄入量也会升高尿液中的蛋白质含量，而这恰恰是肾脏功能发生问题的危险信号。
One: kidney disease, liver
The kidney is one of the important metabolic organ of the human body, many of the body's metabolic waste through the kidneys and eventually excreted in the urine. The increase in protein content in urine is a danger signal kidney damage, kidney disease.
Salt also through the kidneys through urine excreted. In animal experiments, it was found that a high salt intake causes the increase of the amount of protein in the urine; was continued studies in humans have found that high salt intake also increased the protein content of the urine, this is precisely the danger signals of kidney function in question.
罪名二：高血压、心血管疾病和中风
目前很多研究证实，食盐的摄入量与血压高低有联系。最早的动物实验中人们发现高食盐摄入量会升高血压。后来，在很多人群流行病学调查中也发现，如果膳食中食盐摄入增加，会升高血压;但减少食盐摄入后血压就会有降低的趋势。
食盐的主要成分是氯化钠。钠离子摄入过多会引起肾上腺和脑组织释放一种因子，这种因子会使细胞兴奋性增加，变得更容易“激动”，结果则表现为动脉收缩，血压升高。
血压升高是导致心血管疾病的主要原因，大约62%的中风和49%的冠状动脉心脏病的主要病因是高血压。
研究发现，每天的食盐摄入量超过4克（以钠的量计算），中风的几率明显高于每天吃食盐少于1.5克的人，而且，每天食盐摄入每增加0.5克，中风的风险就增加17%。
同样，有前瞻性研究分析了食盐摄入量与心血管疾病的关系，研究者对2436名芬兰人进行了钠含量测定，结果发现，当每天的食盐摄入增加6克，因得
冠心病死亡的人数增加了56%，得心脏病死亡的患者增加36%。
长期的高盐膳食会增加患高血压的风险，进而还会使得人们更容易患中风和冠状动脉心脏病等心血管疾病。
Two: hypertension, cardiovascular disease and strokeAt present, many studies have confirmed that salt intake is associated with low blood pressure . The earliest animal experiments it was found that high salt intake can increase blood pressure . Later , in many epidemiological survey also found that if the increase
in dietary salt intake will increase blood pressure ; , but there will
be blood pressure decreased after reducing salt intake .
The main component of the salt is sodium chloride . Excessive sodium intake can cause the adrenal glands and brain
releases a factor , this factor will increase cell excitability , easier
, " excited ", the result is expressed as systolic arterial blood
pressure.
Blood pressure is the major cause of cardiovascular disease , a major
cause of stroke is about 62% and 49% of coronary heart disease is high
blood pressure .
The
study found that a daily intake of more than four grams of salt (
sodium amount calculated ) , significantly higher than the risk of
stroke is less than 1.5 grams of salt a day to eat people, and , for
each additional daily intake of 0.5 grams of salt , the risk of stroke increased by 17%.
Similarly,
prospective study analyzed the relationship between salt intake and
cardiovascular disease , the researchers who conducted the 2436 Finnish
sodium content was measured and found to increase when the daily intake
of 6 grams of salt , because coronary heart disease deaths the 56% increase in the number of patients dying of heart disease by 36 %.
Long-term
high- salt diet may increase the risk of high blood pressure , and thus
would make it easier for people suffering from stroke and coronary
heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.
罪名三：骨质疏松和肾结石
虽然流行病学调查研究很早就发现，长期高盐饮食的人们更容易患肾结石和骨质疏松症等疾病，但很长时间以来都没有弄明白原因。最近，研究人员通过动物实验和细胞实验发现可能是钠离子代谢造成的。
食盐含有钠离子，研究发现，钠和钙在人体中代谢是有联系的，它们由同一种分子调节。钠离子从人体排出时，还会携带一部分的钙离子，因此，钙的排出量也会增加。
如果平时膳食食盐摄入过多，排钠增加的同时也会增加钙的排出，尿钙水平升高［10］，可能导致骨骼变薄和骨质疏松症，也增加骨折的风险。另外，尿液中的钙离子增多，还会增加肾结石的风险。
Three : osteoporosis and kidney stones
Although epidemiological studies have long found that people long-term high-salt diet are more likely to suffer from kidney stones and osteoporosis disease, but a long time did not understand why. Recently, researchers found that animal experiments and cell experiments may be caused by the sodium ion metabolism.
Salt contains sodium ions, the study found, sodium and calcium metabolism in humans are linked, they are regulated by the same molecule. Sodium ions discharged from the human body, but also to carry a portion of the calcium ions, therefore, will increase calcium excretion.
罪名四：胃癌
1996年，欧洲
癌症预防中心对欧洲24个国家的5700多人进行了一项膳食食盐摄入量与胃癌发生率关系的调查，接受调查的这些人的年龄都在20-49岁之间，结果发现，长期高食盐膳食的人胃癌的发生率和死亡率都较高。
1999年开始，日本癌症协会对40000多名40-59岁的中年人进行了长达11年的膳食调查，探讨人群食盐摄入与胃癌的关系，结果发现膳食食盐摄入过多同样伴随着较高的胃癌发生率。
伦敦大学调查发现，2010年，英国大约有7000多名胃癌患者，其中大约有1/4（1694名患者）与食盐摄入过多有相关性。长期吃过多食盐的确可能增加患胃癌的风险。
Four : gastric
In
1996, the European Cancer Prevention Center of 5700 people in 24
countries in Europe conducted a survey of dietary salt intake and
gastric cancer incidence relations, those surveyed who are between the
age of 20-49 years old, the results found that long-term high- salt diet in human gastric cancer incidence and mortality rates are higher.
In
1999 , the Japanese Cancer Association 40,000 40-59 year-old
middle-aged more than 11 years conducted dietary surveys to explore the
relationship between salt intake and gastric cancer populations found
excessive dietary salt intake also accompanied a higher incidence of gastric cancer .
University
of London found that in 2010 , there are about more than 7,000 British
patients with gastric cancer , and about 1 /4 ( 1694 patients ) and
excessive salt intake correlated . Indeed the long-term risk of eating too much salt may increase the risk of stomach cancer.
罪名五：肥胖
研究显示，如果你每天食盐摄入为10克，当你减少一半（到5克），
喝水的量大约会减少350毫升。因此，盐的摄入量会影响你要喝多少水，一般来说，盐吃的多，喝水就会喝得更多。
盐摄入量超标已经不
健康了，更不健康的是，英国国家膳食与营养调查在研究了1600多名青少年的饮食习惯后却发现，食盐摄入量与甜饮料的摄入量有非常显著的正相关，吃盐越多，甜饮料喝得就越多。
Five : ObesityResearch
shows that if your daily intake of 10 grams of salt , when you reduce
by half ( to 5 g ) , a large reduction in 350 ml water dating . Thus , salt intake can affect how much water you drink , in general, eat more salt and drink will drink more.
Excessive
salt intake has been unhealthy , and more unhealthy , the UK National
Diet and Nutrition Survey found after studying the eating habits of more
than 1,600 adolescents , intake of salt intake and sweet drinks have a
very significant positive relevant , more salt , drink sweet drinks more.
罪名六：易患感冒
多吃盐的人易患感冒。因为高浓度食盐能抑制呼吸道细胞的活性，抑制其抗病能力；同时还可减少唾液，使口腔内溶菌酶减少，增加病毒和病菌在上呼吸道感染的机会。
Six: Easy get coldsMore salt people susceptible to colds . Because of the high concentration of salt can inhibit the activity of
the respiratory tract cells , inhibiting their resistance to disease ;
while also reducing saliva, so that Lysol reduce the mouth, increase
the chances of viruses and bacteria in the upper respiratory tract
infection.
罪名七：皱纹多
法国有句俗语，叫做“美女生在山上，不生在海边。”据法国美容师解释，因为住在海边的女性平时摄入的盐量较多，所以皮肤很容易长出皱纹，自然影
响美观。而山区的女性较少吃盐，皮肤往往光滑细腻。
盐吃多了为什么容易长皱纹呢？法国国家医学院网站上的专家解释说，食盐以钠离子和氯离子的形式存在于人体血液和体液中，它们在保持人体渗透压、酸碱平
衡和水分平衡方面起着非常重要的作用。如果吃盐过多，体内钠离子增加，就会导致面部细胞失水，从而造成皮肤老化，时间长了就会使皱纹增多。
Seven: more wrinkles
French
proverb , called "beauty born in the mountains, not born in the sea ."
According to the French beautician explained , because women usually
live in the sea salt intake , which is why it is easy to grow skin
wrinkles, natural aesthetic impact . The female mountain less salt , the skin is often smooth and delicate. Why eat a lot of salt is easy to wrinkle it? Experts
on the French National School of Medicine Web site explains that the
salt in the form of sodium ions and chloride ions are present in human
blood and body fluids , they play a very important role in keeping the
body osmotic pressure , acid-base balance and water balance . If too much salt , the body sodium increases water loss can lead to
facial cells , causing skin aging , a long time will cause more wrinkles
.
限盐方法：
1、早餐喝牛奶或豆浆等，同时吃些面包或馒头一类面食，完全不加盐。
2、午餐或晚餐吃些甘薯，既可减少食盐摄入量，又能增加钾的摄入量。
3、食物加工烹调时，尽量少加食盐，为了提味，可少加些糖、醋或辣味。
4、不吃或少吃咸菜和含盐量多的食品，如腌肉制品等。5、适当多吃豆类、蔬菜和水果等含钾多的食物。豆类、干豆类含钾量最多；谷类中的荞麦和小
米的钾含量较高；蔬菜中可选芋头、竹笋、土豆、荸荠、油菜、芹菜、小白菜、蕃茄等，水果中可选大枣、山楂、香蕉、苹果等，此外，瘦肉、鱼类、奶类含钾量也
较多。
Limit salt Method:
A breakfast drink milk or soy milk , and eat bread or pasta bread a class entirely without salt .
2 , eat lunch or dinner, sweet potatoes , can reduce salt intake , but also increase the intake of potassium.
3, food processing cooking , add salt as little as possible , in order
to enhance the flavor , you can add some less sugar, vinegar or spicy.
4 , do not eat or eat pickles and salt content of many foods , such as bacon products. 5 , appropriate to eat legumes, vegetables and fruits , such as potassium and more food . Beans,
dried beans maximum potassium content ; higher potassium content of
buckwheat cereal and millet ; vegetables optional taro , bamboo shoots,
potatoes, water chestnuts , rape, celery , cabbage , tomatoes and other
fruits in the optional large jujube , hawthorn , banana , apple , etc. In addition , lean meat , fish , milk potassium content is greater.
